COTONOU AGREEMENTThe
Cotonou Agreement was adopted to replace the IV Lome Convention and continue
trade and development links between the EU and ACP. Cotonou has built upon the
aid and development agreements of the Lome Conventions and added a deeper
political aspect to increase support for good governance and regular political
dialogue on issues such as development, peace and security, arms trade and
migration. Cotonou has also brought in the private sector and other non-state
actors with the aim of increasing involvement of all sectors of society in
poverty alleviation and sustainable development. The trade aspect of the
Cotonou Agreement continues the trade principles of the Lome Conventions of
duty-free, non-reciprocal access of ACP goods to the EU, however; these
principles have been deemed to be incompatible with WTO regulations for
reciprocal and non-preferential trade and thus must be replaced with new
agreements. Cotonou requires that these agreements are WTO compatible. The EU
and ACP were granted a waiver until the end of 2007 to find new agreements that
comply with these rules. The EPAs are the answer to this need to find WTO
compatible agreements by making trade reciprocal and non-discriminatory. The
EPAs require significant trade liberalization on the part of ACP countries to
ensure market access for European goods as well as liberalization between
members of the same EPA negotiating group.

